The engine powered skid-steer loader consists of a rigid and small frame, equipped with lift arms that could attach to lots of industrial tools and attachments in order to perform a wide variety of labor saving tasks. Usually, skid-steer loaders are four-wheel drive vehicles that have the left-hand side wheels functioning independent of the right-hand side wheels, even if several models are outfitted with tracks instead. On the four-wheel models, having each side independent of each other allows the wheel speed and rotation direction of the wheels to determine what course the loader would turn.
These machinery could "pirouette" or also known as zero-radius turning. This feature makes skid-steer loaders extremely valuable and maneuverable for applications which need an agile and compact loader.
On a skid-steer loader, the lift arms are at the side of the driver along with pivot points at the rear of the driver's shoulders. This makes them different than a traditional front loader. Due to the operator's proximity to moving booms, early skid loaders were not as safe as traditional front loaders, specially during the operator's exit and entry. Today's' modern skid-steer loaders have many features to be able to protect the driver including fully-enclosed cabs. Similar to several front loaders, the skid-steer model can push materials from one site to another, is capable of loading material into a trailer or a truck and could carry material in its bucket.
Usually a skid-steer loader is able to be utilized on a job location instead of a large excavator by digging a hole from within. To start with, the skid-steer loader digs a ramp leading to the edge of the desired excavation, and then it utilizes the ramp to excavate material out of the hole. As the excavation deepens, the machine reshapes the ramp making it longer and steeper. This is a very helpful way for digging under a structure where there is not sufficient overhead clearance for the boom of a big excavator. For instance, this is a common situation when digging a basement beneath an existing building or home.
The skid-steer loader accessories add much flexibility to the equipment. Like for instance, conventional buckets on the loaders can be replaced attachments powered by their hydraulics comprising snow blades, cement mixers, pallet forks, backhoes, tree spades, sweepers and mowers. Some other popular specialized attachments and buckets comprise tillers, stump grinders rippers, wheel saws, snow blades, trenchers, angle booms, dumping hoppers, wood chipper machines and grapples.
In 1957, the very first 3-wheeled, front-end loader was invented in Rothsay, Minnesota by brothers Louis and Cyril Keller. The brothers invented the loader so as to help a farmer mechanize the process of cleaning turkey manure from his barn. This particular machine was light and compact and consisted of a rear caster wheel that allowed it to turn around and maneuver within its own length, enabling it to execute similar jobs as a traditional front-end loader.
The Melroe brothers of Melroe Manufacturing Company in Gwinner, N.D. acquired during 1958, the rights to the Keller loader. The company then employed the Keller brothers to help with development of the loader. The M-200 Melroe was actually the result of this partnership. This model was a self-propelled loader which was introduced to the market in 1958. The M-200 Melroe featured a 12.9 HP engine, a 750 lb lift capacity, two independent front drive wheels and a rear caster wheel. By the year 1960, they changed the caster wheel with a rear axle and launched the very first 4 wheel skid steer loader which was known as the M-400.
The M-400 soon became the Melroe Bobcat. Often the term "Bobcat" is utilized as a generic term for skid-steer loaders. The M-440 had an 1100 lb rated operating capacity and was powered by a 15.5 HP engine. The business continued the skid-steer development into the mid nineteen sixties and launched the M600 loader.
Several makers have their own models of the skid steer loader that is simply referred to as a Skidsteer in the construction business. Hyundai, JCB, Caterpillar, Bobcat, Komatsu, Mustang, John Deere, JLG, New Holland, Gehl Company, LiuGong and ASV are a few for example, amongst some.